HIS HISTORY AS A BRITISH COLONY

From the 16th century, several European powers, as Portugal, the Netherlands, France and the United Kingdom, established commercial positions and later they took advantage of the internal conflicts to establish colonies in the country. For 1856, most of the India was under the control of the British Company of the East Indies.One year later, a national insurrection of military units and rebellious kingdoms, known as the " First war of independence India " or the " Riot sepoy ", they defied seriously the control of the company, though finally they were defeated. As result of the instability, the India was taken under the direct control of the British Crown.

In the 20th century, a national fight for the independence was encouraged by the National Indian Congress and other political organizations.The leading Indian Mahatma Gandhi concentrated to million persons in several national campaigns of civil disobedience under a politics of not violence. On August 15, 1947, India obtained the independence of the British domain, at the same time as the zones of Moslem majority separate to form an independent condition, Pakistan. On January  1950, the India turned into a republic and a new Constitution came into force.

From the independence, the India has faced several problems of religious violence, clasismo, the movement naxalita, the terrorism and the insurgencias of the separatist regions, specially in Jammu, Kashmir and the North-East of India. From the decade of 1990 the terrorist assaults have concerned many Indian cities. El País newspaper could not have solved territorial disputas with China, which in 1962 Chinese - indies took to the war; and with Pakistan, which resulted in several wars in 1947, 1965, 1971 and 1999. India was one of the founders of the United Nations Organization (as British India) and of the Movement of Not aligned Countries. In 1974, India realized an underground nuclear test and in 1998 other five tests, turning it into a nuclear State.

From beginnings of 1991, important economic reforms have been transforming the India into one of the economies of more rapid growth into the world, increasing his global influence.

India in the present

The India is a country located in South Asia. It is the most extensive seventh country, and the second one most filled with the world. It borders on the Indian ocean in the southern part, on the Arabic sea in the western part and on the gulf of Bengal in the eastern part, along a coastal line of more than 7.517 kilometres.
The India also borders on Pakistan in the western part; in the northern part with China, Nepal and Bhutan and in the eastern part with Bangladesh and Burma. In addition, India is near the islands of Sri Lanka, Maldives and Indonesia. His cardinal city is New Delhi and his more populated city is Bombay.

Company of the East Indies from beginning of the 18th century and colonized by the United Kingdom from middle of the 19th century, the India turned into an independent nation into 1947, after a fight for the independence that was marked by a movement of not violence. India is a republic composed by 28 conditions and seven territories of the union, with a system of parliamentary democracy.
It possesses 11 ª bigger economy of the world in nominal terms, beside having the fourth world GDP in terms of parity of purchasing power.
The economic reforms of 1991 have transformed it into one of the economies of more rapid growth;nevertheless, still it suffers from problems like the high levels of poverty, illiteracy, pandemics and malnutrición. Besides a pluralist, multilingual and multiethnic company, the India also shelters a flora and diverse fauna in different protected habitats.